Les droits de l’homme à l’Index. Censure et réécriture de "Les principes de 89 et la doctrine catholique" de l’abbé Léon-Nicolas Godard (1861-1863)

The article, using largely unexplored documentation, reconstructs the condemnation by the Roman Index (1862) and the correction of Abbé Léon Godard’s book, "Les principes de 89 et la doctrine catholique", which attempted to prove the doctrinal compatibility between the "principles of 89" and Catholic teaching. The article focuses on the political stakes of this affair (which affected the orthodoxy of French public law) and on the way in which it influenced, on the one hand, the diplomatic tensions between France and the Holy See and, on the other, the struggles between intransigent Catholics and liberals.