Comparison of the toxicity/carcinogenicity of regulated and unregulated mineral fibres using the Fibre Potential Toxicity Index (FPTI)

This work reports the results of a statistical analysis for evaluating the toxicity/carcinogenicity potential of mineral fibres using the Fibre Potential Toxicity Index (FPTI), a quantitative model designed to assess the toxicity and carcinogenicity of mineral fibres based on their physical, chemical, and morphological characteristics. The FPTI model evaluates 18 parameters of mineral fibres, such as morphometry, chemical composition, biodurability, and surface features, which contribute to adverse effects in vitro and in vivo. The model has been used to evaluate several mineral fibres, namely asbestos minerals and erionite. Recent statistical analysis of these data has led to the creation of representative classes for various fibres, allowing for the evaluation of new fibres with industrial, economic, or social significance. The analysis allowed to draw distinct classes of fibres classified as IARC Group 1 carcinogenic agents (amphibole asbestos, erionite, and chrysotile) and fibres classified as IARC Group 3 agents (sepiolite and wollastonite). The study identifies fibre size, metals' content, and dissolution rate as critical parameters of the model. The FPTI model serves as a preliminary screening tool, complementing other predictive models, to inform regulatory decisions and IARC classification processes for mineral fibres that may pose risks to public health.